{"id":230,"date":"2018-03-13T09:39:08","date_gmt":"2018-03-13T01:39:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/?p=230"},"modified":"2018-03-13T09:39:08","modified_gmt":"2018-03-13T01:39:08","slug":"%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85kvm%e8%99%9a%e6%8b%9f%e6%9c%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/?p=230","title":{"rendered":"\u5b89\u88c5KVM\u865a\u62df\u673a"},"content":{"rendered":"
KVM\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u662fredhat\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5316\u3002<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
1. \u67e5\u770b\u786c\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u865a\u62df\u5316<\/b>
\nKVM\u9700\u8981CPU\u652f\u6301\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n

# egrep ‘(vmx|svm)’ -color=always \/proc\/cpuinfo
\n\u5982\u679c\u542b\u6709vmx\u6216\u8005svm\u5b57\u6837\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301CPU\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0cIntel\u662fvmx\uff0cAMD\u662fsvm\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u5b89\u88c5KVM<\/b>
\n\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7ebf\u5b89\u88c5KVM\uff0c\u6700\u597dyum\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5305\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff1a
\n# yum groupinstall KVM<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u91cd\u542f\u4e3b\u673a\uff1a
\n# reboot<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u542f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5kvm\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5426\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a
\n# lsmod | grep kvm<\/p>\n

\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u793akvm\u6a21\u5757\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u8f7d\u6210\u529f\uff1a
\n# lsmod |grep kvm
\nkvm_intel\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 85256\u00a0 0
\nkvm\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 224928\u00a0 2 ksm,kvm_intel<\/span>
\n\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u793akvm_intel\u6216kvm_amd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u8be5\u662fBIOS\u91cc\u9762\u6ca1\u6709Enable\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4eceBIOS\u91cc\u9762\u6253\u5f00\uff1a
\n# modprobe kvm_intel
\nFATAL: Error inserting kvm_intel (\/lib\/modules\/2.6.18-274.7.1.el5\/weak-updates\/kmod-kvm\/kvm-intel.ko): Operation not supported<\/p>\n

3. \u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc<\/b>
\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6865\u63a5
\n\u5b89\u88c5tunctl\uff1a
\n# yum install -y tunctl<\/p>\n

\u6865\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4eceifcfg-bond0\u590d\u5236\u73b0\u6709\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6539\u540d\u4e3aifcfg-br0\uff1a
\n# cp \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-bond0 \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-br0<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539ifcfg-br0\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4fee\u6539DEVICE=xxx\u5e76\u589e\u52a0TYPE=Bridge\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u3002
\n# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-br0
\nDEVICE=br0
\nBOOTPROTO=static
\nIPADDR=10.24.1.40
\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0
\nGATEWAY=10.24.1.1
\nONBOOT=yes
\nTYPE=Bridge<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539ifcfg-bond0\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u884cBRIDAGE=br0\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u8981\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u8ddf\u4e0a\u9762br0\u914d\u7f6e\u7684ip\u5730\u5740\u3001\u63a9\u7801\u3001\u7f51\u5173\u76f8\u540c\u3002
\n# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-bond0
\nDEVICE=bond0
\nBOOTPROTO=static
\nIPADDR=10.24.1.40
\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0
\nGATEWAY=10.24.1.1
\nONBOOT=yes
\nBRIDGE=br0<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u542fnetwork\u670d\u52a1
\n# service network restart<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u542f\u7528\u4e86NetworkManager\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u5173\u95ed\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u4e0enetwork\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u914d\u7f6e\u8f6c\u53d1<\/b>
\n\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a
\n# echo 1 > \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward
\n#\u00a0sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1<\/div>\n

# vi \/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/div>\n
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1<\/div>\n
\n\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u867d\u7136\u53ea\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5f88\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7f51\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u865a\u62df\u673a\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7f51\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0bip_forward\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u7981\u7528SELinux<\/b>
\n# system-config-securitylevel-tui
\n\u9009\u62e9Disabled\u8fd9\u4e2aSELinux\u3002
\n\u81f3\u6b64\uff0cKVM\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u53bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

6. \u914d\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u673a<\/b>
\n\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884cvirt-install \u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5f88\u957f\u3002
\n# vi vm_install.sh<\/span>
\n#\/bin\/env bash<\/p>\n

set -x
\nNAME=vm1
\nPORT=6900
\nIMG_PATH=\/data2\/vms\/vm1
\nIMG=vm1.dsk
\nOSTYPE=linux
\nOSVARIANT=rhel6
\nRAM_M=1024
\nCPUS=2
\nSIZE_G=50
\nITF=br0
\nISO=\/root\/CentOS-6.0-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

echo 1 > \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/ip_forward
\nmkdir -p $IMG_PATH
\numount \/mnt\/cdrom
\nmount -o loop -t iso9660 $ISO\u00a0 \/mnt\/cdrom<\/p>\n

echo “\/mnt\/cdrom *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534)” >> \/etc\/exports
\nservice nfs restart
\n#mkdir -p \/mnt\/cdrom-nfs
\n#mount -t nfs -o hard,intr,bg,timeo=50 127.0.0.1:\/mnt\/cdrom \/mnt\/cdrom-nfs<\/p>\n

virsh destroy $NAME
\nvirsh undefine $NAME
\nvirt-install -d –name=$NAME –ram=$RAM_M –vcpus=$CPUS –os-type=$OSTYPE –os-variant=$OSVARIANT \\
\n–location=\/mnt\/cdrom –extra-args=’console=ttyS0 ks=ftp:\/\/172.16.1.137\/tftpd_v6\/ks-kvm.cfg initrd=\/initrd.img devfs=nomount ramdisk_size=16384 nofb ip=10.24.1.170 netmask=255.255.255.0 gateway=10.24.1.1 noipv6 ksdevice=eth0′ \\<\/p><\/div>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0–connect qemu:\/\/\/system –accelerate –nographics \\
\n–disk path=$IMG_PATH\/$IMG,size=$SIZE_G \\
\n–network bridge:$ITF
\nset +x<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a–extra-args\u7684console=ttyS0\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6587\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u5b89\u88c5\u754c\u9762\u53ca\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684ks\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u8bdd\u5c31\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u3002<\/span>
\n\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\u865a\u62df\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u7528vnc\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5219virt-install\u5fc5\u987b\u4fee\u6539\uff1a<\/div>\n
virt-install -d –name=$NAME –ram=$RAM_M –vcpus=$CPUS –os-type=$OSTYPE –os-variant=$OSVARIANT \\
\n–cdrom $ISO<\/span>\u00a0\\<\/div>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0–connect qemu:\/\/\/system –accelerate\u00a0–vnc –vncport=$VNC_PORT\u00a0\\<\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 –disk path=$IMG_PATH\/$IMG,size=$SIZE_G \\<\/div>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0–network bridge:$ITF\u00a0–network bridge:$ITF<\/div>\n
\u4f7f\u7528vnc\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528vnc\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u975e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982secureCRT\u6240\u5728\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728secureCRT\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u53e3\u524d\u8f6c\uff085901\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94$VNC_PORT\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528vnc\u8fde\u63a5127.0.0.1:1(5901\u5bf9\u5e94:1)\u3002<\/div>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u5165console\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528ssh\u767b\u5f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5c5e\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528virsh\u505c\u6b62\u6216\u5173\u95ed\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff1a<\/p><\/div>\n

# virsh shutdown vm1
\n# virsh start vm1<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
7.\u00a0\u67e5\u770b\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff1a<\/b>
\n# virsh list<\/p>\n

\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u5f0fvirsh\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165virsh\u7ba1\u7406shell\uff0c\u8f93\u5165help\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1a<\/p><\/div>\n

# virsh<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
#\u00a0virsh console vm1<\/b><\/span><\/div>\n
\u76d1\u63a7\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\uff0c\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e0d\u80fd\u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
8. \u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u53ca\u5220\u9664\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff1a<\/b><\/div>\n
# virsh reboot vm1<\/div>\n
# virsh start vm1<\/div>\n
# virsh shutdown vm1<\/div>\n
# virsh suspend vm1<\/div>\n
# virsh resume vm1<\/div>\n
\u5220\u9664\uff1a<\/div>\n
# virsh destroy vm1<\/div>\n
# virsh undefine vm1<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
9. \u865a\u62df\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u6062\u590d<\/b><\/div>\n
\u865a\u62df\u673a\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e
\n\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\/etc\/libvirt\/qemu\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u662fxml\u3002\u4fee\u6539\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u673a\u3002
\n# ls \/etc\/libvirt\/qemu\/
\nnetworks\u00a0 vm1.xml<\/div>\n
\u8fd9\u91ccvm1.xml\u5c31\u662fvm1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5907\u4efd\u53ca\u6062\u590d
\n\u5907\u4efd\uff1a\u62f7\u8d1d\/etc\/libvirt\/qemu\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684xml\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caxml\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684img\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\n\u6062\u590d\uff1a\u8fdb\u5165virsh\uff0c\u6267\u884cdefine\uff1a# virsh define vm1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff1a# virsh start vm1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u90e8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528# virsh create vm1.xml\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
10. \u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff1a<\/b><\/div>\n
# virsh dumpxml vm1 >\u00a0\/etc\/libvirt\/qemu\/vm2.xml<\/div>\n
# cp -r \/data2\/vms\/vm1 \/data2\/vms\/vm2<\/div>\n
# mv \/data2\/vms\/vm2\/vm1.dsk \/data2\/vms\/vm2\/vm2.dsk<\/div>\n
# vi\u00a0\/etc\/libvirt\/qemu\/vm2.xml<\/div>\n
<name>vm2<\/b><\/span><\/name><\/div>\n
<uuid>fcd6904b-98b5-5a97-757c-162d90c98cae<\/b><\/span><\/uuid><\/div>\n
<source file=’\/data2\/vms\/vm2\/vm2.dsk<\/span>‘\/><\/div>\n
<mac address=’54:52:00:2a:a8:6f<\/b><\/span>‘\/><\/div>\n
# virsh define \/etc\/libvirt\/qemu\/vm2.xml<\/div>\n
# virsh start vm2<\/div>\n
# virsh list<\/div>\n
\u00a0Id Name\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 State
\n———————————-
\n17 vm1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 running
\n18 vm2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 running<\/div>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/div>\n
# virsh console vm2<\/div>\n
\u4fee\u6539vm2\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5ssh\u4e0a\u53bb\u4e86\u3002<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
11. xml\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/b><\/div>\n
# cat \/etc\/libvirt\/qemu\/vm1.xml\u00a0<\/span>
\n<domain type=’kvm’>
\n<name>vm1<\/name>
\n<uuid>fcd6904b-98b5-5a97-757c-162d90c98cad<\/uuid>
\n<memory>1048576<\/memory>
\n<currentMemory>1048576<\/currentMemory>
\n<vcpu>2<\/vcpu>
\n<os>
\n<type arch=’x86_64′ machine=’rhel5.4.0′>hvm<\/type>
\n<boot dev=’hd’\/>
\n<\/os>
\n<features>
\n<acpi\/>
\n<apic\/>
\n<pae\/>
\n<\/features>
\n<clock offset=’utc’>
\n<timer name=’pit’ tickpolicy=’delay’\/>
\n<\/clock>
\n<on_poweroff>destroy<\/on_poweroff>
\n<on_reboot>restart<\/on_reboot>
\n<on_crash>restart<\/on_crash>
\n<devices>
\n<emulator>\/usr\/libexec\/qemu-kvm<\/emulator>
\n<disk type=’file’ device=’disk’>
\n<driver name=’qemu’ type=’raw’ cache=’none’\/>
\n<source file=’\/data2\/vms\/vm1\/vm1.dsk<\/span>‘\/>
\n<target dev=’vda<\/b><\/span>‘ bus=’virtio’\/>
\n<\/disk>
\n<interface type=’bridge’>
\n<mac address=’54:52:00:2a:a8:6e’\/>
\n<source bridge=’br0’\/>
\n<model type=’virtio’\/>
\n<\/interface>
\n<serial type=’pty’>
\n<target port=’0’\/>
\n<\/serial>
\n<console type=’pty’>
\n<target port=’0’\/>
\n<\/console>
\n<input type=’tablet’ bus=’usb’\/>
\n<\/devices>
\n<\/domain><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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