{"id":487,"date":"2018-03-15T10:53:57","date_gmt":"2018-03-15T02:53:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/?p=487"},"modified":"2018-03-15T11:06:27","modified_gmt":"2018-03-15T03:06:27","slug":"%e8%bd%a6%e6%9c%ba%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e4%b9%8basr%ef%bc%88%e8%af%ad%e9%9f%b3%e8%af%86%e5%88%ab%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/?p=487","title":{"rendered":"\u8f66\u673a\u6280\u672f\u4e4bASR\uff08\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8f66\u673a\u4eceWinCE\u9010\u6b65\u8fdb\u5316\u5230Android\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8baf\u5230\u5e264G\u901a\u8baf\uff0c\u968f\u4e4b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5c31\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f53\u524d\u8f66\u673a\u5fc5\u987b\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5168\u79f0\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b Automatic Speech Recognition\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0ASR\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6280\u672f\u6700\u65e9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5982\u65e9\u671f\uff081939\u5e74\uff09\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u4e16\u535a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u7efc\u5408\u673a\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u53f6\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u5728\u5b64\u7acb\u5b57\u8bc6\u522b\u9886\u57df\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2d\u8fd0\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\uff08Pattern Recognition\uff09\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6210\u529f\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u7f16\u7a0b\u7f16\u7801\uff08Dynamic Programming co<wbr \/>de\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u6885\u9686\u5927\u5b66\u57281973\u5411\u4e16\u4eba\u5c55\u793a\u4e86Heresay I\u8bed\u97f3\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u57281011\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u4e2d\u4ee5\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u8bc6\u522b\u8bed\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>80\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u8bcd\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9690\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u6a21\u578b\uff08Hidden Markov Model\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7b80\u79f0HMM\uff09\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u88ab\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6700\u5177\u8f6c\u6298\u6027\u548c\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5373\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u4e5f\u662f\u8be5\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5305\u62ecHMM\u3001\u671f\u671b\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff08EM\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff08MMI\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\u8868\u8ff0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u662f\u8be5\u65f6\u671f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u6885\u5c14\u9891\u7387\u5012\u8c31\u7cfb\u6570\uff08MFCC\uff09\uff0c\u611f\u77e5\u7ebf\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u5e38\u6570\uff08PLP\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3001GPU\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f7f\u5f97\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\uff08GMM\uff09\u548cHMM\u7ed3\u5408\u8f6c\u5411\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08DNN\uff09\u4e0eHMM\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u6210\u6548\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\u53ef\u559c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u591a\uff08\u5982TIMIT\u3001TI46\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5927\u91cf\u97f3\u9891\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\uff08\u5982CMU\u7684Sphinx\uff0c\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684HTK\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u79d1\u5927\u8baf\u98de\u3001\u4e91\u4e4b\u58f0\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u578b\u9996\u5148\u5047\u5b9a\u6709\u4e00\u4e32\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217O = {O1, O2, .., On}\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b26\u53f7\u8bcd\u5178 W = {W1, W2, .., W_n}\uff0c\u6c42\u89e3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u89e3\u7801\u51fa\u7b26\u53f7\u4e32\uff08\u8f93\u51fa\u8bed\u53e5\uff09W = {W1, W2, .., Wk}\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u5b66\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u6c42\u89e3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6982\u7387\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>W = argmax(P(O|W)P(W))<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dP(O|W)\u88ab\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\uff0cP(W)\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002 \u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6c42\u89e3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u636e\u5bf9\u516c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u6253\u5206\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6253\u5206\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6a21\u578b\u5e8f\u5217\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u8f93\u5165\u8bed\u97f3\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u8bcd\u89e3\u7801\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-489\" src=\"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/6632239845095140545.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"446\" \/><\/div>\n<div><img \/><\/div>\n<h2>\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fde\u7eed\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fde\u7eed\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b(Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition\uff0cLVCSR)\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e9b\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8fde\u7eed\u8bed\u97f3\u6d41\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d1\u97f3\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u96be\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u8bed\u901f\u5343\u5dee\u4e07\u522b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u7ed9\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u5343\u53d8\u4e07\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u5c31\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-491\" src=\"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/1272548369727178569.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"451\" height=\"454\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h2>\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a7\u6b65\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8bed\u97f3\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u9664\u53bb\u5197\u4f59\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u53d6\u5f71\u54cd\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u8bed\u8a00\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d27\u6263\u7279\u5f81\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7528\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u5143\u8bc6\u522b\u5b57\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5404\u81ea\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u5148\u540e\u6b21\u5e8f\u8bc6\u522b\u5b57\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u628a\u524d\u540e\u610f\u601d\u5f53\u4f5c\u8f85\u52a9\u8bc6\u522b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7ed9\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u5212\u5206\u6bb5\u843d\uff0c\u53d6\u51fa\u6240\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u7684\u5b57\u8bcd\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u8bed\u53e5\u610f\u601d\u8c03\u6574\u53e5\u5b50\u6784\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u8bed\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u524d\u7aef\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6216\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u5f81\u62bd\u53d6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7b80\u7ea6\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u8bed\u97f3\u5206\u6790\uff08\u8bed\u97f3\u524d\u7aef\u58f0\u5b66\u5904\u7406\uff09\uff1b\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u5305\u542b\u52a8\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\uff1b\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6269\u5c55\u540e\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u8bc6\u522b\u5668\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u9884\u52a0\u91cd\u3001\u5206\u5e27\u52a0\u7a97\u53ca\u7aef\u70b9\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u5143\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff08PCA\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u5224\u522b\u5f0f\u5206\u6790\uff08LDA\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u72ec\u7acb\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff08ICA\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u6027\u9884\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801(Perceptual Linear Predictive\uff0cPLP)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5012\u8c31\u5206\u6790\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6885\u5c14\u9891\u7387\u5012\u8c31\u7cfb\u6570\uff08Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient\uff0cMFFC\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u5206\u6790\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u62bd\u53d6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><i>\u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u6587\u58f0\u5b66\u7279\u5f81<\/i><\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u5207\u5272\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u58f0\u6bcd(initials)\u4e0e\u97f5\u6bcd(finals)\u3002\u800c\u5728\u53d1\u97f3\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u58f0\u6bcd\u8f6c\u53d8\u81f3\u97f5\u6bcd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e10\u8fdb\u800c\u975e\u77ac\u95f4\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u53f3\u6587\u76f8\u5173\u58f0\u97f5\u6bcd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Right-Context-Dependent Initial Final, RCDIF\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u8fa8\u8bc6\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u97f3\u8282\uff08syllable\uff09\u3002 \u800c\u6839\u636e\u58f0\u6bcd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u58f0\u6bcd\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0b\u9762\u56db\u7c7b\uff1a\u7206\u7834\u97f3(Plosive)\u3001\u6469\u64e6\u97f3\uff08Fricative)\u3001\u7206\u64e6\u97f3\uff08Affricate)\u3001\u9f3b\u97f3\uff08Nasal\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u97f5\u6bcd\u53c8\u6709\u53cc\u5143\u97f3\u3001\u5355\u5143\u97f3\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u8981\u89c6\u518d\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u662f\u5426\u6709\u97f3\u8c03\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u800c\u6839\u636e\u58f0\u5e26\u632f\u52a8\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u6e05\u97f3\uff08unvoiced\uff1a\u58f0\u5e26\u4e0d\u9707\u52a8\uff09\u3001\u6d4a\u97f3\u7b49\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53d1\u97f3\u65f6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u65f6\u9891\u56fe\u4e0a\u5927\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u5904\u7406\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u65f6\u9891\u56fe\uff0c\u501f\u7531\u4f20\u7edf\u5f71\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u8bed\u97f3\u8fa8\u8bc6\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u97f3\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u77e2\u91cf\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d1\u97f3\u6a21\u677f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u53d1\u97f3\u7279\u70b9\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u8bc6\u522b\u5355\u5143\u5927\u5c0f(\u8bcd\u53d1\u97f3\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u5b57\u53d1\u97f3\u6a21\u578b\u3001 \u534a\u97f3\u8282\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u97f3\u7d20\u6a21\u578b)\u5bf9\u8bed\u97f3\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3001 \u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e2d\u7b49\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u5355\u5143\u5c0f\uff0c\u5219\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u50a8\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c0f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e5f\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u50a8\u91cf\u4e5f\u5c0f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e5f\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u8bed\u97f3\u6bb5\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u5206\u5272\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u5355\u5143\u6613\u4e8e\u5305\u62ec\u534f\u540c\u53d1\u97f3\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5bf9\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u589e\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u662f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u90fd\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cf\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u666e\u904d\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u97f3\u7d20(Phone\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u97f3\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd) \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b50\u8bcd\u5355\u5143\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa \u6a21\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6309\u7167\u8bcd\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u6765\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u9690\u5f0f\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u6a21\u578bHMM\u7684\u97f3\u7d20\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-492\" src=\"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/6632593887840764602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"479\" height=\"331\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u94fe\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-493\" src=\"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/1284651793725725457.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"571\" height=\"246\" \/><\/div>\n<div><img \/><\/div>\n<h3>\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b(Language Model\uff0cLM)\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ed3\u5408\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u63d0 \u9ad8\u8bc6\u522b\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f88\u96be\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u8bcd\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bed\u97f3\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u65f6\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u5f88\u591a\u6982\u7387\u5f97\u5206\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8bcd\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b P(W)\u4ece\u8bf8\u591a\u5019\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8bcd\u5e8f\u5217\u6765\u5f25\u8865\u58f0\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u8bed\u6cd5\u89c4\u5219\u4e43\u81f3\u8bed\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u6392\u9664\u58f0\u5b66\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5408\u8bed\u6cd5\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u8bed\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21 \u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u6982\u7387\u63cf\u8ff0\u8bcd\u4e0e\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u5bf9\u8bed\u6cd5\u6216\u8bed\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u8f83\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u7387\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u53e3\u8bed\u5bf9\u8bdd\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cf\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u91c7\u7528 \u57fa\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fde\u7eed\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u97f3\u7d20\u6a21\u578b\u72b6\u6001\u5e8f\u5217\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u8bcd\u5e8f\u5217(\u5373\u6700\u4f18\u8def\u5f84)\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u89e3\u7801\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002 \u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8981\u6839\u636e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148(Depth-first)\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u5806\u6808\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3001A*\u89e3\u7801\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148 (Breadth-first)\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u7ef4\u7279\u6bd4 (Viterbi)\u89e3\u7801\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u591a\u9690\u85cf\u5c42\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc(DNN)\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5faa\u73af\u7f51\u7edc\uff08RNN\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-494\" src=\"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/6632733525814886462.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"362\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h3>\u5bf9\u8bc6\u522b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8bc4\u6d4b<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2d\u7684\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\u6b63\u786e\u7387 (Correctness)\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u7387(Accuracy)\uff1a<\/p>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-495\" src=\"http:\/\/www.max-shu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/6632375085026826552.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"459\" height=\"130\" \/><\/div>\n<div><img \/><\/div>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d \uff0c \u201cNREF\u201d \u8868\u793a\u5f85\u8bc6\u522b\u8bcd\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff0c \u201cSUB\u201d\u8868\u793a\u66ff\u6362\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u201cDEL\u201d\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u9519 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